Abbreviations
AgNPssilver nanoparticlesnAgnanosilverNPnanoparticleAuNPgold nanoparticleENMengineered nanomaterialDEdual energyTEMtransmission electron microscopyAASatomic absorption spectroscopyROSreactive oxygen speciesSODsuperoxide dismutaseCOX-2cyclooxygenase-2Ctr1copper transporter 1AO/EtBracridine orange ethidium bromideDNAdeoxyribonucleic acidEC50effective concentration 50ENMengineered nanomaterialGSHglutathioneILinterleukinJNKjun amino-terminal kinasesLDHlactate dehydrogenaseLOAEClowest observable adverse effect concentrationNOAECno observable adverse effect concentrationMCP-1monocyte chemotactic protein-1MMPmatrix metalloproteinaseMTT3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidePKCprotein kinase CPVPpolyvinylpyrrolidoneTNFtumor necrosis factorVEGFvascular endothelial growth factorWST-12-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium saltXTT(2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide)LALlimulus amoebocyte lysate